Model+UN

=Model UN=

History:
The United Nations is an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights. Due to its unique international character, and the powers vested in its founding Charter, the Organization can take action on a wide range of issues, and provide a forum for its 192 Member States to express their views, through the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council and other bodies and committees.

Structure:
The __General Assembly__ is the main deliberative organ of the UN and is composed of representatives of all Member States. The work of the United Nations year-round derives largely from the mandates given by the General Assembly. A revitalization of the Assembly is under way to enhance its role, authority, effectiveness and efficiency. The __Economic and Social__ Council, established by the UN Charter, is the principal organ to coordinate the economic, social and related work of the United Nations and the specialized agencies and institutions. Voting in the Council is by simple majority; each member has one vote. The __International Court of Justice__, located at the Hague in the Netherlands, is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. It settles legal disputes between states and gives advisory opinions to the UN and its specialized agencies. Its Statute is an integral part of the United Nations Charter. The __Security Council__ has primary responsibility, under the UN Charter, for the maintenance of international peace and security. A reform of the Security Council, including its membership is under consideration. The Trusteeship Council was established in 1945 by the UN Charter to provide international supervision for 11 Trust Territories placed under the administration of 7 Member States, and ensure that adequate steps were taken to prepare the Territories for self-government and independence. By 1994, all Trust Territories had attained self-government or independence. Its work completed, the Council has amended its rules of procedure to meet as and where occasion may require.

Objectives in the 21st Century:
The United Nations is both a participant in and a witness to an increasingly global civil society. More and more, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other civil society organizations (CSOs) are UN system partners and valuable UN links to civil society. CSOs play a key role at major United Nations Conferences and are indispensable partners for UN efforts at the country level. NGOs are consulted on UN policy and programme matters. The UN organizes and hosts, on a regular basis, briefings, meetings and conferences for NGO representatives who are accredited to UN offices, programmes and agencies.

**food or waterborne diseases: ** bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever **vectorborne disease: ** malaria and yellow fever **respiratory disease: ** meningococcal meningitis **aerosolized dust or soil contact disease: ** one of the most highly endemic areas for Lassa fever **water contact disease: ** leptospirosis and shistosomiasis **animal contact disease: ** rabies **note: ** highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified in this country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare cases possible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009) ||  || Approximately 220,000 people died from AIDS in Nigeria in 2009. With AIDS claiming so many lives, Nigeria’s life expectancy has declined significantly. In 1991 the average life expectancy was 54 years for women and 53 years for men. In 2009 these figures had fallen to 48 for women and 46 for men. ||  || =Link to HIV in NIGERIA:= [] =MAIN IDEA on HIV in Nigeria:= In 1985, the First two cases of HIV were detected in Nigeria from two people and was discussed in a internatinoal AIDS conference in 1986. In 1991, the Federal Ministry of Health madev their first attempt to help out Nigeria with their AIDS epidemic. Between 1990 and 1998, HIV prevailance rose from 3.8 percent to 4.5 percent. HIV prevention, treatment, and care became the Nigerian governments primary goals in the year 1999 when Olusegun Obasanjo was elected for president.
 * Your Country: **NIGERIA** || What are the FACTS? || What does it MEAN? ||
 * 1. Where is your country located? What are dome of the countries that surround it? || Nigeria is located on the Gulf of Guinea in West Africa. Nigeria is surrounded by the countries, Benir, Niger Cameroon, and Chad. ||  ||
 * What are your country’s major industries? || The major industry that Nigeria has is agriculture. This industry in Nigera reflects more on the farmers that work and live there. ||  ||
 * How many languages are spoken in your country and what are they? || There are over 500 diffferent spoken languages in Nigeria which are spoken only by groups and tribes. The most popular languages spoken in Nigeria are Yoruba, Edo, Igdo, Hausa-Fulani, Tiv, Kanuri, and Ibibio. ||  ||
 * What is the form of government? || The form of government is Multiparty transitioning from military to civilian rule. Federal Republic. ||  ||
 * Does our country give or receive foreign aid? If yes how much? ||  ||   ||
 * What is your country’s per capita GDP? || $2,300 ||  ||
 * What percentage is literate? || Literacy-39%-51% ||  ||
 * How many people have access to clan water? ||  ||   ||
 * What are the major infectious diseases? || **Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: very high **
 * What are the current environmental risks facing your country? ||  ||   ||
 * Other Important details? || In Nigeria, an estimated 3.6 percent of the population are living with HIV and AIDS. Although HIV prevalence is much lower in Nigeria than in other African countries such as South Africa and Zambia, the size of Nigeria’s population (around 149 million) means that by the end of 2009, there were 3.3 million people living with HIV.